English

עברית

العربية

About the College Lecturers Dean of the College Our Partners CIM Shop CIM Studio Gallery Success Stories

Study Programs

Equine Therapy Workshops Medical Esthetics

About the College Lecturers Dean of the College Our Partners CIM Shop CIM Studio Gallery Success Stories

Study Programs

Equine Therapy Workshops Medical Esthetics

Register Now! Please, fill in your personal details and we will contact you shortly

Biomechanics, Gait Abnormalities & Lameness

54 hours – 6 Days

Teaching language: Arabic / Hebrew / English - according to the student’s choice.

Delivery: Face to Face / Online / Hybrid

Audience

This study program is intended for all horse and animal lovers, for riders, for horse owners, for veterinarians, for stable workers, and for those working in all equine therapeutic fields. With the aim of treating and caring for your horse, or the horses under your responsibility, and also to acquire new effective therapeutic tools, develop your profession, stand out from other practitioners and acquire professions that are in great demand in the labor market, with international certificates from the leading institutions in the field and for the first time in the country.

About the program

How the horse is built, and moves affect the longevity of the horse’s career, potential injuries it might sustain and how well it performs. Conformation and biomechanics go hand in hand, and it’s essential that people working with horses understand this to ensure the health and well-being of the horse.

Biomechanics is the study of the forces that affect movement of the body. It examines how muscles, bones, tendons and ligaments operate together for a horse to walk, passage or perform lateral movements. Different anatomical structures work in synchrony. The bones are the support structure. They are rigid and provide a framework. The joints’ anatomy dictates their degree of mobility (range of motion). Ligaments are the connections between bones, frequently involving joints. They are strong and flexible, allowing for distinct movement of a joint while providing stability. The muscles serve to propel the horse and to stabilise. For every muscle that moves a joint in one direction, there is typically a countering muscle that can pull the joint in the other direction. When the opposing muscles work in unison, both firing in balance, they stabilise joints. This equilibrium keeps the legs rigid when weight- bearing, the back from breaking and the head elevated and in motion with the horse’s movement.

Gait abnormalities are alterations in the way of walking, usually due to injuries or pathologies of the spinal cord, brain, legs or feet. Ideally a horse will move its limbs in a completely straight line and the hind limbs in a separate plane to the forelimbs. Some horses' movement deviates from this ideal and these deviations are known as gait abnormalities.

Lameness is a term used to describe a horse’s change in gait, usually in response to pain somewhere in a limb, but also possibly as a result of a mechanical restriction on movement. We all think of lameness when a horse is obviously limping, but lameness may only cause a subtle change in gait, or even just a decreased ability or willingness to perform. A horse can become lame from a variety of causes (conditions or ailments), involving almost any anatomic region within a limb. Some conditions are more easily diagnosed and treated than others. Lameness and treatment is both science and art. It requires a solid understanding of equine anatomy and physiology, conformation, biomechanics, and medicine, and yet it requires adaptation in response to changing conditions, horse types, uses and personalities, and owner needs.

You will understand how the spine moves, the physiological restrictions and what can lead to a poor tack and a poor training.

Its natural locomotion can be misunderstood, which can lead to mistakes with unfortunate consequences on its locomotion and mental integrity.

This course is designed to give students an appreciation of biomechanics. The course focuses on equine biomechanics and the effects of intrinsic and extrinsic factors on the way the horse moves and performance. Students will develop an awareness of horse biomechanics then relate to the changes in these tissues in response to forces and physical activity. The musculoskeletal system is examined with respect to its biomechanical properties in order to understand how locomotion is generated, maintained and arrested. This course will develop an understanding of the value, nature and application of equine gait analysis and allow students to critically evaluate equine movement. The methods of measurement of both kinetics and kinematics are discussed and the application of these methods is evaluated in practical setting. A series of biomechanical technology will be covered and used in practicals to evaluate lameness and performance. The biomechanics of different equestrian disciplines are examined and the efficacy of using the results to predict performance discussed. The module also examines how the rider, saddle, shoeing, trimming, surfaces and conformation can influence the gait of the horse.

On completion of this course students will have encountered concepts that encompass all aspects of equine biomechanics.

Understanding the stresses and strains experienced by horses in motion leads to greater understanding of injury and injury prevention.

Being able to identify subtle changes in movement can mean the difference between early intervention and a sustained successful career for a horse, or a premature end to their career due to injury. Developing a good understanding of biomechanics, locomotion and gait, and being able to observe and interpret movement, are possibly some of the most important skills for the equine therapist.

This programme will cover some of the science and key concepts of biomechanics, defining key terminology and helping students to develop the understanding and application of the science to real life in a meaningful way.

The programme will explore locomotion and the locomotor system, looking in detail at how horses actually move, defining key terminology such as stride, stride length, frequency and duration, looking in detail at stride patterns, the specific equine gaits, being able to correctly describe the gates, and identify gait abnormalities. The programme will explore the concept of Ground Reaction Force and why it is meaningful for the equine practitioner along with an overview of other scientific measurements of gait and gait assessment tools and methods.

The programme will explore lameness, what is meant by lameness, the evaluation, assessment and grading of lameness, discuss contemporary issues and debates in the measurement and interpretation of lameness. The programme will also consider some of the main causes of equine lameness.

This programme will also look at the interactions of tack, equipment and rider on the biomechanics and locomotion of the horse, how what we put on the horse impacts its movement and ultimately its performance.

A key aspect of this programme will be the development of the practical skill of dynamic observation. Learning how to observe and interpret movement is a skill that takes time to develop, and this programme seeks to provide an opportunity to rapidly enhance these skills. Breaking down the ability to observe into simple steps so that the student can effectively analyse and describe the horse’s movement. Secondly, understanding what those observations mean and how we interpret them is a key skill to develop. Whilst this programme will not include diagnostic techniques, common patterns of movement and the types of pathologies that they may indicate will be explored.

By the end of this programme the student should feel confident in assessing a horse in motion and reporting their observations in a structures and meaningful way.

Working as an Equine Therapist, when supporting a client campaigning their horse for an event such as the Olympics, being able to identify a subtle change in the way that horse moves, to understand what that is telling you and being able to refer that horse for whatever treatment and intervention might be necessary to keep it sound and competitive, is far more of a skill than simply being able to recognise when the horse has broken down. This is a skill my client value above all else.

Learning outcomes:

• Critically assess the principles of biomechanics in relation to the musculoskeletal structures of the horse.

• Use kinematics and kinetics to critically evaluate different locomotory gaits and complex movements of the horse.

• Discuss how intrinsic and extrinsic factors affect biomechanics in horses

• Critically appraise the application of biomechanics to different disciplines.

Each student receives the “Anatomy, Physiology and Pathology”, for free!

Certificates

Certification by the American University in the Emirates, Ryada Training Center, CIM at the French Hospital, Dubai Racing Club, Dubai Equestrian Club and the International Association for Complementary Medicine (CMA) located in London - UK, making it easier for graduates to work all over the world.

Syllabus

	Syllabus
History of biomechanics Biomechanics of equine locomotion – Terminology in the study of equine biomechanics, anatomical nomenclature, meanings of words and theories as they relate to equine biomechanics, adaptations of musculoskeletal tissues to forces, biomechanics of musculoskeletal breakdown and repair. Introduction to kinematics – equine dynamics. Introduction to kinetics- Newton’s Laws, characterising a force, force and injury.	Lecture 1
Biomechanics of equine gaits and jump Gait analysis – Merits of equine gait analysis. Types of gait analysis equipment available for equine locomotion studies, symmetry measurement, recent published equine biomechanics research	Lecture 2
PRACTICAL: dynamic assessment, how to recognise lameness, function of muscles in locomotion	Lecture 3
Define the equine back in terms of mechanical analogues, the bow and string theory, how muscles work together in chains to support mass and locomotion, link in the horse between his stride and his respiration rates .	Lecture 4
PRACTICAL: gait analysis equipment, treadmill, photoinstrumentation, the motion analysis system, accelerometers	Lecture 5
How saddle and rider affect back biomechanics. Posture: neutral posture, normal compensatory posture, abnormal compensatory posture	Lecture 6
PRACTICAL: assessment of posture, saddle fit with biomechanics technology, saddle pressures and temperature	Lecture 7
Basic biomechanics of the equine foot: importance of foot balance in relation to the long-term soundness of the horse, role of the farrier in the care of the performance horse. Assessing foot balance, hoof/pastern axis and dorso-palmar balance, medio-lateral balance, ground surface of the foot, pair symmetry of hooves and limbs, non-contact of hooves and limbs.	Lecture 8
PRACTICAL: assessment of hoof balance, assessment of hoof impact. Assessment of racehorse performance	Lecture 9
Surfaces effects on movement and risk of injuries. Equestrian surfaces construction.	Lecture 10
PRACTICAL: Effects of rehabilitation exercises: pole work, treadmill, swimming, underwater treadmill	Lecture 11
Biomechanics of injuries: why bones break and tendons rupture? Biomechanical effect of rehabilitation exercises. Biomechanics of injuries: why bones break and tendons rupture? Biomechanical effect of exercise Biological tissues: loads experienced by tendons during normal locomotion, tendon adaptation, adaptation of ligament, bone loading, bone adaptation, bone fractures, monotonic fractures, fatigue failure, muscle functions, development of tension, effects of training. How equine confirmation affects movement and risk of injury PRACTICAL: dynamic assessment, how to recognise lameness, treatment strategies.	Lecture 12

The curriculum will also cover: Conformation and relationship with form and function, Ideals of conformation, Impact of muscle equilibrium on biomechanics, Horse owner management, discuss final theory assessment and practical lessons with ongoing assessment, Issue checklists for student use in practical lessons, Assessing horses for conformation. NB- Students are assessed on knowledge during all practical lectures, assessing horses for posture, Assessing 3 horses dynamically. What is the different between mechanic and biomechanics? What are biomechanics? Why I chose this topic?

Osteopathic Nomenclature. How the horse moves in 3 D? the different axis and the different plans.

Anatomy (bones, joints, muscles, ligaments, articular surfaces, and its orientations)

Thoracic sling explained in detail. What is it? What are the muscles involved? How to train your horse in a respectful way? Personal videos on my personal horses will be available to show the mechanism.

Osteopathic Nomenclature. How the horse moves in 3 D? the different axis and the different plans

Anatomy (bones, joints, muscles, ligaments, articular surfaces, and its orientations)

Physiology: What are the physiological restrictions?

Biomechanics of jumping horses:

To improve the physical capacities of his horse, a rider must know how to highlight the qualities of his horse and compensate for his faults. The physical training of an athlete therefore involves very in-depth mechanical notions of sport in all human sporting disciplines. Improving the gesture or the performance of a horse at the obstacle requires being able to analyze its style and to seek the correct attitude. or insufficient in the different phases of the jump.

Different stages of showjumper approaching, jumping and landing

Biomechanics of spine, front legs and hind legs are going to be detailed during each stage of jumping

Training aids:

Impacts of poor tack & poor training on the biomechanics. Impact of poor tack: saddles, bridles, lunging system, martingales, gogues, draw reins, resisting bands, training bands, the latest marketing campaigns in the equestrian industry. Why to pay attention? How to help people choosing the best ethical method for their horses? What could cause an intense training on young horses?

Biomechanics of lateral work:

What is lateral work? When to ask the horse lateral work?

Description of movements such as adduction, abduction. What are the differences? What are the muscles involved? What happens in the biomechanics? The addition to this exercise is the gymnastic if the horses.

Biomechanics of horse’s spine, Biomechanics of lateral work, Biomechanics of the Pirouette:

Description in both classical and modern Dressage, Muscles involved, what are the signs that show a horse is in pain?

Biomechanics of front legs, hind legs and their muscle actions.

Biomechanics of head neck, back and their muscle actions. Rider biomechanics.

CMA

The Complementary Medical Association, The world’s biggest & leading association of research, academic training&recognition of colleges & therapists worldwide in the fields of complementary & integrative medicine.

Mission & Objectives
The Complementary Medical Association's (The CMA) primary aim is to promote ethical, responsible, professional complementary medicine to the public and the medical profession.
We believe that by promoting The CMA and its Registered Members & Colleges in all categories, though the media and online in a hugely high-profile manner, we are able to help the public and doctors to realize that complementary and integrative medicine is - when delivered safely and ethically - a viable and highly desirable form of healthcare. In addition, here at the CMA, we are totally dedicated to representing "the professional face of complementary medicine" and by promoting research, education and knowledge in the field, we will help to stimulate demand for the medicine of the 21st century and beyond.
The CMA is great news for professional practitioners, ethical colleges and patients who demand and expect excellence in every aspect of treatment.
What is the CMA?
The CMA is a not-for-profit organization which means that any funds we raise, through membership fees, book, training and product sales or donations are invested straight back into the organization.
A great part of our work consists of referring public and conventional medics alike to CMA registered practitioners so that they can be assured that treatment will be delivered
by a highly qualified, insured practitioner who adheres to a strict Code of Ethics and disciplinary procedure. We call this the "CMA Referrals Scheme".
In addition, we are able to help members of the public who wish to train in the complementary medical field to access our Registered Training Schools and Colleges. We provide assistance to Schools who wish to have their courses Registered and Accredited by the CMA.
We work closely with the conventional medical profession as we ultimately believe that the most important person after all, is the patient, and we believe that by presenting the patient with good, accurate information about complementary medical approaches they can make responsible informed decisions about their own health care. It is important to remember that both complementary and conventional medicine have a great deal to offer - when used appropriately, justifiably and responsibly. Ultimately, the freedom to choose one's own health care is a vital human right which should be protected.
Our History
The CMA was established in early 1993, by Jayney Goddard, in response to the overriding lack of public and medical knowledge about the complementary medical profession. During the initial two years we devoted our time to performing the market research that would indicate whether there could be a viable way of raising the profile of ethical, responsible complementary medicine. It was vital to establish and justify whether "yet another organization" needed to exist in the already saturated complementary medical organization field.
We spent a long time analyzing the entire arena and found that nothing was being done at that time by any membership body or organization to promote practitioners
or training schools in a high profile, professional manner.
Furthermore, at that time, complementary medicine had a very unprofessional profile; somewhat akin to a cottage industry. This was a sorry state of affairs and it became rapidly apparent that The CMA needed to exist if professional complementary medicine were to stand a chance.
Here at The CMA we are a dedicated team of committed professionals (we're all qualified healthcare practitioners) and we are absolutely serious about achieving our mission. We have always had a commitment to making sure that our Members can contact us easily and will always be able to get through to a real person at the end of the phone line. In addition, our e-communications are exceptionally effective and we are able to disseminate important information to our Members extremely rapidly and efficiently.
Where are we now?
The CMA opened its doors to members at the beginning of 1995 and to date, The CMA represents the interests of thousands of practitioners in various categories - including students and 180+ Training Schools/Colleges with additional organizations approaching us regularly. We also have another membership section, "Friends of the CMA" which comprises a variety of supporters, all of whom are keen to support the work of the CMA.
The CMA has a high media profile and we constantly work with major media organizations.
We are committed to cultivating a high media profile, through which we achieve in excess of ten individual media exposures per week including TV, radio, magazines, newspapers and the Internet. Our estimated monthly reach is circa 650,000 individuals.
We are committed to thinking creatively when it comes to promoting our members and we are dedicated to working creatively when promoting our Member's interests - just one example of this is that The CMA has - over the years - even undertaken extremely high-profile promotional campaigns utilizing advertising space on London Underground trains and Docklands Light Railway.
What We Do
q Continuing Professional Development (CPD) Hugely important for us all in this profession. We offer practitioners lots of opportunities to keep their professional skills up-to-date with courses, seminars, ongoing tutorials and more by the leading lectures of UK & Europe.
q Membership ID Card, Certificate
It is vital that practitioners display their CMA certificate within their office or practice rooms to confirm their
Membership of this esteemed organization. We also
12
provide them with an ID card, which many of our Members find useful when on external site visits.
q LondonBoroughsSpecialTreatmentExemptedStatus Certain categories of practitioner are subject to requiring a “Special Treatment License” if they work in London and other cities. These licenses cost up to £1000+ and practicing without one leaves the practitioner open to a fine of up to £5000+. By registering with the CMA, after we approve their professional level and training, they are covered under our umbrella exemption – saving you thousands – and protecting them and their practice.
q CMA weekly e-Newsletter
This fantastically informative email brings practitioners the very latest news and research from around the world on all aspects of complementary medicine, natural health and wellness – and relevant conventional medical findings too.
q CMA Training / Courses
The CMA is dedicated to keeping our Members at the top of their profession, to this end we consistently offer ongoing training – with a particular emphasis on practice and training school development. CMA Members benefit from hugely discounted rates for these courses, compared to non- Members. CMA is an academic supporter of complementary medicine colleges, which meet the high criteria of the CMA, and after examining in-depth the curricula and study conditions that the college grants to students, the CMA grants a certificate of recognition to the college.
q Liaison at governmental level representing All CMA Members
The CMA is a Member of the All-Party Parliamentary Group for Complementary and Integrative Medicine in UK. This means that we are representing practitioners’ interests at Governmental level – and can shape policy within this field to support our Members. CMA Members are allowed to attend these meetings at the House of Commons by arrangement.
q Webinars, Seminars, CPD workshops and further qualifications
The CMA liaises with various respected organization who are offering further training to our Members. If we believe that these trainings are of value, we negotiate special rates for our Members as part of our Membership Benefits package.
In addition to each certificate that the graduates receive from AUEDI, each graduate also receives an international certificate from CMA.

Catalogue

Jayney Goddard - CMA President

Jayney Goddard, MSc, FCMA, FBSLM, Lic.LCCH, Dip.ACH, FRSPH

President - The Complementary Medical Association, London, UK

Jayney Goddard is President of The Complementary Medical Association (The CMA) which is the world's largest professional membership body for complementary medicine (CM), and she is widely regarded as one of the leading experts on complementary medicine and natural healthcare. Jayney has a vast depth of knowledge across the entire field of complementary medicine and can always be relied upon to provide substantiated research data during any interview, lecture or written work.

Jayney is a Fellow of the Royal Society of Medicine and a Fellow of the Royal Society for Public Health. She has a Master of Science post-graduate degree from the University of Central Lancashire and began her doctorate in January.

She was recently awarded the Complementary and Natural Healthcare Expo Award for Outstanding Contribution to Complementary Medicine - which was judged by a panel of respected complementary medical professionals and a group of high-profile captains of industry coming from backgrounds as diverse as banking, insurance and entertainment.

She has a busy practice (UK, USA and Skype) where she works uses a range of complementary medical approaches with her patients, including homeopathy, psychotherapy, nutrition, herbal medicine, Mind/Body medicine and hypno-analysis. Jayney's special clinical interests include auto-immune disease and natural anti-ageing/rejuvenation strategies.

Jayney is editor of "With Our Complements", the Journal of The Complementary Medical Association and she is a high-profile contributor to print and broadcast media.

Jayney is the complementary medical expert for various newspapers and magazines and is a regular guest on television and radio when expert opinion is required on any aspect of complementary medicine and natural health care. Adept at phone-in “open clinic” type broadcasts, Jayney is always a popular guest. She was the Discovery Channel's complementary medicine expert and provided all complementary medical content for the Granada/Boots PLC joint venture "The Wellbeing Channel". A prolific writer, her most recently published books include the international number one bestseller "Rewind Your Body Clock - The Complete Natural Guide to a Happier, Healthier, Younger You (Watkind UK / Penguin USA and Rest of world / Audiobook by WF Howes, narrated by Jayney Goddard).

Jayney has also authored two books on pandemic 'flu: the critically acclaimed "The Survivor's Guide to Swine Flu: The Complementary Medical Approach", "The Survivor's Guide to Bird Flu: The Complementary Medical Approach" and also "Complementary and Alternative Medicine: The Scientific Verdict on What Really Works", edited by Jayney and published by Collins. Jayney also edits The CMA's highly informative weekly e-Newsletter. Jayney writes the monthly Natural Anti-ageing column for Natural Health magazine and is credited by them as "The UK's leading natural anti-ageing guru".

Jayney testified for the USA's "White House Commission on Alternative and Complementary Medicine" in order to help the USA rationalize complementary and alternative medicine and all her recommendations were accepted unanimously. In the UK, Jayney is The CMA representative for the Parliamentary Group for Complementary and Integrated Medicine and she is active globally, assisting governments worldwide to rationalise their approach to ethical, responsible complementary medicine.

Jayney lectures at various medical colleges and to faculty and students at Cambridge University in the UK and the University of Miami School of Medicine in the USA. Jayney has taught, as Visiting Professor, on the Masters course at The Graduate Institute in Connecticut, USA, where faculty colleagues include Dr Bernie Siegel, Professor Rupert Sheldrake and Dr Steve Horowitz.

Jayney's Personal Mission

To raise the profile of Complementary Medicine and Integrative Healthcare so that the public and the conventional medical profession accept that these approaches are a viable health option when delivered by properly trained, professional practitioners and integrative medical doctors.
To create an environment where practitioners of excellence are regarded as professionals - true experts in their field - and are accorded the respect that they so rightly deserve.
To ensure that all those who wish to join the profession can gain access to bona fide CM (complementary medicine) colleges which offer truly excellent training.
To ensure that the public understands what constitutes outstanding complementary medical health care and has ready access to practitioners of excellence.

Memberships:

Fellow; Royal Society of Medicine,

Fellow; Royal Society for Public Health,

Founder and Co-Chair; British Society of Lifestyle Medicine

Advisory Board Member; Health Food Manufacturers Association,

Advisory Board Member; "camexpo",

Advisory Board Member and Founding Contributor; Integrative Healthcare Symposium,

Equity

About the College

CIM in the French Hospital, has been the largest and top college in Israel in the field of complementary natural medicine for the last 20 years.

CIM accomplished a great achievement in recent years by integrating complementary medicine with traditional Western medicine, and this is certainly thanks to the most famous specialists who work at CIM. CIM College has a university atmosphere and includes professional training, exclusively in medical centers and hospitals.

CIM has relations with the most famous universities and colleges of Natural Medicine from all over the world.

At CIM, you will find large classrooms equipped with the latest and newest teaching aids, an advanced computer lab, spacious gardens, resting rooms and an indoor cafeteria.

The most important thing at CIM is the family atmosphere and the personalized, individual attention given to students by all lecturers, especially to make learning more comfortable.

CIM relies on qualitative education programs and cares about selecting the best lecturers and giving individual attention to each student.

CIM College has 6 campus branches:

1. Nazareth branch in the French Hospital, which is the only college of naturopathic medicine in the country located within an official hospital and is one of the leading and most well-known hospitals in the country.

2. Jerusalem branch

3. Wadi A'ra branch

4. Branch of Dubai, under the direction of the German-Spanish Professor Alvaro Rubio, who is the most famous heart surgeon in the world and also specializes in natural medicine.

The branch in Dubai is considered the 1st college of complementary medicine among the Gulf countries. It includes additional and exclusive education, such as complementary medicine for equines, where programs are taught by the most famous lecturers from London, UK.

5. Branch of Al-Ahliyya Amman University in Jordan

One of the best universities in the world and the #1 Jordanian university according to The Times ranking in terms of the impact of universities, which is considered the 1st college of integrative medicine in the Arab world. It was established as a new college at the university under joint management by both parties.
6. Branch of Marbella International University Centre (MIUC)
Located in the heart of the Spanish port city of Marbella, is a global academic institution providing a new kind of learning experience based on an advanced curriculum, cutting-edge technology and a unique living environment.
which makes CIM an international college well-respected all over the world, and the leading college in the country for the last 20 years.

CIM offers its students the possibility to train in many different medical centers and clinics across the country, like the French Hospital, Holy Family Hospital, etc. Hospitals, medical centers and health clinics across the country prefer CIM graduates. The college offers the largest and most extensive educational programs in the country and for the cheapest tuition fee. Because your education is one of the most important projects in your life, and your projects begin at CIM.

CIM has internal monitoring committees that maintain a high educational level that students enjoy. The college is accredited by all the complementary medicine associations in the country and by the European Natural Medicine Association as well. CIM offers scholarships to many deserving students and offers its graduates the possibility to complete their first academic degree (B.A.).

At the end of the first academic year, the student obtains 9 certificates in order to be qualified to start working directly from the first year.

In addition to other certificates during each academic year, every student gets his or her N.D. certificate at the end of their studies, which is considered the highest degree in the field of natural and integrative medicine worldwide. And exclusively for CIM college, each graduate receives a certificate from the Complementary Medical Association - CMA, which is located in London, UK.

The CMA is not only the world leader in academic research and training, but also gives accreditation to colleges and therapists worldwide, making it easier for graduates to work in this field all over the world.

Because your education is one of the most important projects of your life, and your projects begin at CIM.